Chapter 13

-         Parks wildlife refuges wilderness areas and nature preserves pop small part of area.

-Parks evolve from small pleasure grounds of pop rec areas

Many new conservation areas are controversial and are challenged by industry

-Often serves contradictory demands

            include rec, wildlife habitat extraction of timber

-Global protected land nearly 10% of world

            must meet diverse needs; include hunting, farming and portion rarely secure

-Poaching and encroachment from farmers an loggers in developing countries

-Landscape ecology

^ See voacb

-Movement of organisms and materials among patches helps regulate ecosystems

-Management involves long time scales, human needs, maintaining biodiversity, and ecological systems

-Restoration ecology

^See voacb